Alkaline Rocks and Carbonatites of the World

Setup during HiTech AlkCarb: an online database of alkaline rock and carbonatite occurrences

Cerro Sapo

stripes

Occurrence number: 
022-00-002
Country: 
Bolivia
Region: 
Cochabamba
Location: 
Longitude: -66.95, Latitude: -17.02
Carbonatite: 
Yes

The size of this intrusion has not been determined accurately because of the high relief and dense vegetation, but it is smaller than Cerro San Cristobal (022-00-001), although there is a much more strongly developed contact aureole. Samples collected by Ahlfeld (1966), mostly from boulders, varied considerably in the proportions of the minerals present. One specimen consisted of 30% orthoclase, 5% albite-oligoclase, 15% sodalite, 10% nepheline, 20% brown amphibole, 15% aegirine, secondary cancrinite and accessory apatite. Other samples contained green biotite and small amounts of carbonate; one sample was veined with sodalite and ankerite. Another rock type included olivine, partly altered to amphibole and biotite, and a sodic amphibole with diopsidic inclusions, in a groundmass with abundant nepheline. The intrusion is cut across by a dyke at least one km in length and up to 5 m thick, which alters the adjacent sedimentary country rocks. The dyke consists of ankerite with lenticles, up to 50 cm across, of sodalite. In one outcrop abundant baryte is present, removal of which in part has revealed sodalite dodecahedra as much as 3 cm in diameter. J. Gittins (Tuttle & Gittins, 1966, p. 536) suggested to F. Ahlfeld that this rock might be carbonatite, with which he concurred.

Economic: 
Sodalite was mined in pre-Colonial times to make ornaments, which have been found in ruins at Cochabamba, Cuzco, etc.
References: 

AHLFELD, F. 1966. Geologische Untersuchungen in der Provinz Ayopaya (Bolivien). Neues Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie, 104, 147-71.
TUTTLE, O.F. and GITTINS, J. 1966. Carbonatites. Interscience Publishers, New York. 591 pp

Scratchpads developed and conceived by (alphabetical): Ed Baker, Katherine Bouton Alice Heaton Dimitris Koureas, Laurence Livermore, Dave Roberts, Simon Rycroft, Ben Scott, Vince Smith